refactor(exercises): standardize answer language handling across exercise scripts

- Introduced a mechanism to infer answer language based on question phrasing in multiple exercise scripts, enhancing consistency in exercise data.
- Updated question formats to clarify the intent of exercises, improving user understanding and engagement.
- Streamlined the code for better maintainability and clarity in exercise generation processes.

backend/scripts/update-family-conversations-exercises.js

@@ -349,7 +349,8 @@ function createFamilyConversationExercises(nativeLanguageName) {
       instruction: 'Übersetze den Bisaya-Satz ins ' + nativeLanguageName,
       questionData: JSON.stringify({
         type: 'multiple_choice',
-        question: `Wie sagt man "${conv.bisaya}" auf ${nativeLanguageName}?`,
+        answerLanguage: 'native',
+        question: `Was bedeutet "${conv.bisaya}"?`,
         options: options
       }),
       answerData: JSON.stringify({
@@ -379,6 +380,7 @@ function createFamilyConversationExercises(nativeLanguageName) {
         instruction: 'Was bedeutet dieser Bisaya-Satz?',
         questionData: JSON.stringify({
           type: 'multiple_choice',
+          answerLanguage: 'native',
           question: `Was bedeutet "${conv.bisaya}"?`,
           options: options
         }),

backend/scripts/update-family-words-exercises.js

@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ function createFamilyWordsExercises(nativeLanguageName) {
       instruction: 'Wähle die richtige Übersetzung.',
       questionData: {
         type: 'multiple_choice',
+        answerLanguage: 'target',
         question: `Wie sagt man "${nativeWord}" auf Bisaya?`,
         options: options
       },

backend/scripts/update-feelings-affection-exercises.js

@@ -349,7 +349,8 @@ function createFeelingsAffectionExercises(nativeLanguageName) {
       instruction: 'Übersetze den Bisaya-Satz ins ' + nativeLanguageName,
       questionData: JSON.stringify({
         type: 'multiple_choice',
-        question: `Wie sagt man "${conv.bisaya}" auf ${nativeLanguageName}?`,
+        answerLanguage: 'native',
+        question: `Was bedeutet "${conv.bisaya}"?`,
         options: options
       }),
       answerData: JSON.stringify({
@@ -379,6 +380,7 @@ function createFeelingsAffectionExercises(nativeLanguageName) {
         instruction: 'Was bedeutet dieser Bisaya-Satz?',
         questionData: JSON.stringify({
           type: 'multiple_choice',
+          answerLanguage: 'native',
           question: `Was bedeutet "${conv.bisaya}"?`,
           options: options
         }),

backend/scripts/update-food-care-exercises.js

@@ -582,6 +582,7 @@ async function updateFoodCareExercises() {
             instruction: 'Wähle die richtige Übersetzung.',
             questionData: JSON.stringify({
               type: 'multiple_choice',
+              answerLanguage: 'target',
               question: `Wie sagt man "${conv.native}" auf Bisaya?`,
               options: [
                 conv.bisaya,
@@ -608,6 +609,7 @@ async function updateFoodCareExercises() {
             instruction: 'Wähle die richtige Übersetzung.',
             questionData: JSON.stringify({
               type: 'multiple_choice',
+              answerLanguage: 'native',
               question: `Was bedeutet "${conv.bisaya}"?`,
               options: [
                 conv.native,

backend/scripts/update-survival-sentences-exercises.js

@@ -13,6 +13,31 @@ import VocabCourseLesson from '../models/community/vocab_course_lesson.js';
 import VocabGrammarExercise from '../models/community/vocab_grammar_exercise.js';
 import User from '../models/community/user.js';
 
+function normalizeMcAnswerLanguage(question = '') {
+  const q = String(question || '').trim();
+  if (!q) return null;
+  if (/Wie sagt man/i.test(q) || /auf Bisaya\?/i.test(q)) return 'target';
+  if (/Was bedeutet/i.test(q) || /Was heißt/i.test(q)) return 'native';
+  return null;
+}
+
+function enrichAnswerLanguage(exercises = []) {
+  return exercises.map((exercise) => {
+    const qd = exercise?.questionData;
+    if (!qd || qd.type !== 'multiple_choice') return exercise;
+    if (qd.answerLanguage || qd.answerLanguageId) return exercise;
+    const inferred = normalizeMcAnswerLanguage(qd.question);
+    if (!inferred) return exercise;
+    return {
+      ...exercise,
+      questionData: {
+        ...qd,
+        answerLanguage: inferred
+      }
+    };
+  });
+}
+
 // Spezifische Übungen für Überlebenssätze
 const SURVIVAL_EXERCISES = {
   'Überlebenssätze - Teil 1': [
@@ -399,7 +424,7 @@ async function updateSurvivalExercises() {
     console.log(`   ${lessons.length} "Überlebenssätze"-Lektionen gefunden\n`);
 
     for (const lesson of lessons) {
-      const exercises = SURVIVAL_EXERCISES[lesson.title];
+      const exercises = enrichAnswerLanguage(SURVIVAL_EXERCISES[lesson.title]);
       
       if (!exercises || exercises.length === 0) {
         console.log(`   ⚠️  Lektion ${lesson.lessonNumber}: "${lesson.title}" - keine Übungen definiert`);

backend/scripts/update-week1-bisaya-exercises.js

@@ -23,6 +23,31 @@ function withTypeName(exerciseTypeName, exercise) {
 
 const LESSON_TITLES = ['Woche 1 - Wiederholung', 'Woche 1 - Vokabeltest'];
 
+function normalizeMcAnswerLanguage(question = '') {
+  const q = String(question || '').trim();
+  if (!q) return null;
+  if (/Wie sagt man/i.test(q) || /auf Bisaya\?/i.test(q)) return 'target';
+  if (/Was bedeutet/i.test(q) || /Was heißt/i.test(q)) return 'native';
+  return null;
+}
+
+function enrichAnswerLanguage(exercises = []) {
+  return exercises.map((exercise) => {
+    const qd = exercise?.questionData;
+    if (!qd || qd.type !== 'multiple_choice') return exercise;
+    if (qd.answerLanguage || qd.answerLanguageId) return exercise;
+    const inferred = normalizeMcAnswerLanguage(qd.question);
+    if (!inferred) return exercise;
+    return {
+      ...exercise,
+      questionData: {
+        ...qd,
+        answerLanguage: inferred
+      }
+    };
+  });
+}
+
 const BISAYA_EXERCISES = {
   'Woche 1 - Wiederholung': [
     { exerciseTypeId: 2, title: 'Wiederholung: Wie sagt man "Wie geht es dir?"?', instruction: 'Wähle die richtige Begrüßung aus.', questionData: { type: 'multiple_choice', question: 'Wie sagt man "Wie geht es dir?" auf Bisaya?', options: ['Kumusta ka?', 'Maayo', 'Salamat', 'Palihug'] }, answerData: { type: 'multiple_choice', correctAnswer: 0 }, explanation: '"Kumusta ka?" ist die Standard-Begrüßung auf Bisaya.' },
@@ -111,7 +136,7 @@ async function updateWeek1BisayaExercises() {
     console.log(`📚 Kurs: ${course.title} (ID: ${course.id})`);
 
     for (const lessonTitle of LESSON_TITLES) {
-      const exercises = BISAYA_EXERCISES[lessonTitle];
+      const exercises = enrichAnswerLanguage(BISAYA_EXERCISES[lessonTitle]);
       if (!exercises || exercises.length === 0) continue;
 
       const lessons = await VocabCourseLesson.findAll({

frontend/src/views/social/VocabLessonView.vue

@@ -1251,9 +1251,53 @@ export default {
     },
     lessonVocab() {
       const vocabByReference = new Map();
+      const targetTokenWeight = new Map();
+      const nativeTokenWeight = new Map();
+      const addTokens = (text, map, weight = 1) => {
+        const tokens = String(text || '')
+          .toLowerCase()
+          .normalize('NFKC')
+          .replace(/[\p{P}\p{S}]+/gu, ' ')
+          .split(/\s+/)
+          .map((t) => t.trim())
+          .filter((t) => t.length >= 2);
+        tokens.forEach((token) => {
+          map.set(token, (map.get(token) || 0) + weight);
+        });
+      };
+      const sideScore = (text, map) => {
+        const tokens = String(text || '')
+          .toLowerCase()
+          .normalize('NFKC')
+          .replace(/[\p{P}\p{S}]+/gu, ' ')
+          .split(/\s+/)
+          .map((t) => t.trim())
+          .filter((t) => t.length >= 2);
+        return tokens.reduce((sum, token) => sum + (map.get(token) || 0), 0);
+      };
+      (this.normalizedCorePatterns || []).forEach((p) => {
+        addTokens(p?.target, targetTokenWeight, 3);
+        addTokens(p?.gloss, nativeTokenWeight, 3);
+      });
+      (this.importantVocab || []).forEach((v) => {
+        addTokens(v?.reference, targetTokenWeight, 1);
+        addTokens(v?.learning, nativeTokenWeight, 1);
+      });
+      const orientPair = (learning, reference) => {
+        const l = String(learning || '').trim();
+        const r = String(reference || '').trim();
+        if (!l || !r) return { learning: l, reference: r };
+        const directScore = sideScore(r, targetTokenWeight) + sideScore(l, nativeTokenWeight);
+        const swappedScore = sideScore(l, targetTokenWeight) + sideScore(r, nativeTokenWeight);
+        if (swappedScore > directScore) {
+          return { learning: r, reference: l };
+        }
+        return { learning: l, reference: r };
+      };
       const addEntry = (entry) => {
-        const reference = String(entry?.reference || '').trim();
-        const learning = String(entry?.learning || '').trim();
+        const oriented = orientPair(entry?.learning, entry?.reference);
+        const reference = String(oriented.reference || '').trim();
+        const learning = String(oriented.learning || '').trim();
         if (!reference) return;
         const key = this.normalizeLessonVocabTerm(reference);
         if (!vocabByReference.has(key)) {