diff --git a/backend/models/community/folder.js b/backend/models/community/folder.js
index 2c7d1f1..955499a 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/folder.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/folder.js
@@ -8,16 +8,12 @@ const Folder = sequelize.define('folder', {
         allowNull: false},
     parentId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: true,
-        references: {
-            model: 'folder',
-            key: 'id'}},
+        allowNull: true
+    },
     userId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'user',
-            key: 'id'}}}, {
+        allowNull: false
+    }}, {
     tableName: 'folder',
     schema: 'community',
     underscored: true,
diff --git a/backend/models/community/folder_image_visibility.js b/backend/models/community/folder_image_visibility.js
index 600e1d9..d828f34 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/folder_image_visibility.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/folder_image_visibility.js
@@ -10,22 +10,11 @@ const FolderImageVisibility = sequelize.define('folder_image_visibility', {
     },
     folderId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'folder',
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     visibilityTypeId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: {
-                schema: 'type', 
-                tableName: 'image_visibility_type'
-            },
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     }
 }, {
     tableName: 'folder_image_visibility',
diff --git a/backend/models/community/folder_visibility_user.js b/backend/models/community/folder_visibility_user.js
index eda688d..a95bc3f 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/folder_visibility_user.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/folder_visibility_user.js
@@ -10,19 +10,11 @@ const FolderVisibilityUser = sequelize.define('folder_visibility_user', {
     },
     folderId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'folder',
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     visibilityUserId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'image_visibility_user',
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     }
 }, {
     tableName: 'folder_visibility_user',
diff --git a/backend/models/community/guestbook.js b/backend/models/community/guestbook.js
index d306f26..3fa80f2 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/guestbook.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/guestbook.js
@@ -10,19 +10,11 @@ const GuestbookEntry = sequelize.define('guestbook_entry', {
         allowNull: false},
     recipientId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: User, 
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     senderId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: true, 
-        references: {
-            model: User, 
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: true
     },
     senderUsername: {
         type: DataTypes.STRING,
diff --git a/backend/models/community/image.js b/backend/models/community/image.js
index b654c3e..589a29c 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/image.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/image.js
@@ -18,16 +18,12 @@ const Image = sequelize.define('image', {
         unique: true},
     folderId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'folder',
-            key: 'id'}},
+        allowNull: false
+    },
     userId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'user',
-            key: 'id'}}}, {
+        allowNull: false
+    }}, {
     tableName: 'image',
     schema: 'community',
     underscored: true,
diff --git a/backend/models/community/image_image_visibility.js b/backend/models/community/image_image_visibility.js
index 27ad316..8ac6da4 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/image_image_visibility.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/image_image_visibility.js
@@ -10,22 +10,11 @@ const ImageImageVisibility = sequelize.define('image_image_visibility', {
     },
     imageId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'image', 
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     visibilityTypeId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: {
-                schema: 'type',
-                tableName: 'image_visibility_type'
-            },
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     }
 }, {
     tableName: 'image_image_visibility',
diff --git a/backend/models/community/user_param.js b/backend/models/community/user_param.js
index 73699f8..6423a6e 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/user_param.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/user_param.js
@@ -7,19 +7,11 @@ import { encrypt, decrypt } from '../../utils/encryption.js';
 const UserParam = sequelize.define('user_param', {
     userId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: User,
-            key: 'id',
-        },
+        allowNull: false
     },
     paramTypeId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: UserParamType,
-            key: 'id',
-        },
+        allowNull: false
     },
     value: {
         type: DataTypes.STRING,
diff --git a/backend/models/community/user_right.js b/backend/models/community/user_right.js
index d2f8e58..fb7955c 100644
--- a/backend/models/community/user_right.js
+++ b/backend/models/community/user_right.js
@@ -6,19 +6,11 @@ import UserRightType from '../type/user_right.js';
 const UserRight = sequelize.define('user_right', {
     userId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: User,
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     rightTypeId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: UserRightType,
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     }}, {
     tableName: 'user_right',
     schema: 'community',
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/data/production.js b/backend/models/falukant/data/production.js
index c443275..8785ee7 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/data/production.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/data/production.js
@@ -17,11 +17,6 @@ Production.init({
     weatherTypeId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
         allowNull: true,
-        references: {
-            model: WeatherType,
-            key: 'id',
-            schema: 'falukant_type'
-        },
         comment: 'Wetter zum Zeitpunkt der Produktionserstellung'
     },
     startTimestamp: {
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/data/region.js b/backend/models/falukant/data/region.js
index 48842ed..2047167 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/data/region.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/data/region.js
@@ -10,20 +10,11 @@ RegionData.init({
         allowNull: false},
     regionTypeId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: RegionType,
-            key: 'id',
-            schema: 'falukant_type'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     parentId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: true,
-        references: {
-            model: 'region',
-            key: 'id',
-            schema: 'falukant_data'}
+        allowNull: true
     },
     map: {
         type: DataTypes.JSONB,
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/data/region_distance.js b/backend/models/falukant/data/region_distance.js
index bd034dd..76f58be 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/data/region_distance.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/data/region_distance.js
@@ -8,21 +8,11 @@ RegionDistance.init(
   {
     sourceRegionId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: RegionData,
-        key: 'id',
-        schema: 'falukant_data',
-      },
+      allowNull: false
     },
     targetRegionId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: RegionData,
-        key: 'id',
-        schema: 'falukant_data',
-      },
+      allowNull: false
     },
     transportMode: {
       // e.g. 'land', 'water', 'air' – should match VehicleType.transportMode
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/data/relationship.js b/backend/models/falukant/data/relationship.js
index fec1a1e..75e51ff 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/data/relationship.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/data/relationship.js
@@ -8,18 +8,10 @@ Relationship.init(
   {
     character1Id: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: FalukantCharacter,
-        key: 'id'},
-      onDelete: 'CASCADE'},
+      allowNull: false},
     character2Id: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: FalukantCharacter,
-        key: 'id'},
-      onDelete: 'CASCADE'},
+      allowNull: false},
     relationshipTypeId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       allowNull: false,
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/data/user.js b/backend/models/falukant/data/user.js
index 41460d9..c0747a7 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/data/user.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/data/user.js
@@ -8,13 +8,6 @@ FalukantUser.init({
     userId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
         allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: {
-                tableName: 'user',
-                schema: 'community' 
-            },
-            key: 'id'
-        },
         unique: true},
     money: {
         type: DataTypes.DECIMAL(10, 2),
@@ -38,12 +31,7 @@ FalukantUser.init({
         defaultValue: 1},
     mainBranchRegionId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: true,
-        references: {
-            model: RegionData,
-            key: 'id',
-            schema: 'falukant_data'
-        }
+        allowNull: true
     },
     lastNobilityAdvanceAt: {
         type: DataTypes.DATE,
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/data/weather.js b/backend/models/falukant/data/weather.js
index c38cdcf..3494fe0 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/data/weather.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/data/weather.js
@@ -10,21 +10,11 @@ Weather.init(
     regionId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       primaryKey: true,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: RegionData,
-        key: 'id',
-        schema: 'falukant_data'
-      }
+      allowNull: false
     },
     weatherTypeId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: WeatherType,
-        key: 'id',
-        schema: 'falukant_type'
-      }
+      allowNull: false
     }
   },
   {
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_character_trait.js b/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_character_trait.js
index d15eb8d..04e996a 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_character_trait.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_character_trait.js
@@ -10,13 +10,11 @@ PromotionalGiftCharacterTrait.init(
     giftId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       field: 'gift_id',
-      references: { model: PromotionalGift, key: 'id' },
       allowNull: false
     },
     traitId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       field: 'trait_id',
-      references: { model: CharacterTrait, key: 'id' },
       allowNull: false
     },
     suitability: {
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_mood.js b/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_mood.js
index 3e479e9..f7f291d 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_mood.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/predefine/promotional_gift_mood.js
@@ -10,19 +10,11 @@ PromotionalGiftMood.init(
     giftId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       field: 'gift_id',
-      references: {
-        model: PromotionalGift,
-        key: 'id'
-      },
       allowNull: false
     },
     moodId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       field: 'mood_id',
-      references: {
-        model: Mood,
-        key: 'id'
-      },
       allowNull: false
     },
     suitability: {
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/type/product_weather_effect.js b/backend/models/falukant/type/product_weather_effect.js
index 1b019f2..057a71b 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/type/product_weather_effect.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/type/product_weather_effect.js
@@ -9,21 +9,11 @@ ProductWeatherEffect.init(
   {
     productId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: ProductType,
-        key: 'id',
-        schema: 'falukant_type'
-      }
+      allowNull: false
     },
     weatherTypeId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: false,
-      references: {
-        model: WeatherType,
-        key: 'id',
-        schema: 'falukant_type'
-      }
+      allowNull: false
     },
     qualityEffect: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
diff --git a/backend/models/falukant/type/region.js b/backend/models/falukant/type/region.js
index 7757a81..d95cbc9 100644
--- a/backend/models/falukant/type/region.js
+++ b/backend/models/falukant/type/region.js
@@ -9,11 +9,7 @@ RegionType.init({
         allowNull: false},
     parentId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: true,
-        references: {
-            model: 'region',
-            key: 'id',
-            schema: 'falukant_type'}
+        allowNull: true
     }
 }, {
     sequelize,
diff --git a/backend/models/forum/forum_forum_permission.js b/backend/models/forum/forum_forum_permission.js
index cf35b1e..06e1071 100644
--- a/backend/models/forum/forum_forum_permission.js
+++ b/backend/models/forum/forum_forum_permission.js
@@ -4,19 +4,11 @@ import { DataTypes } from 'sequelize';
 const ForumForumPermission = sequelize.define('forum_forum_permission', {
     forumId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'forum',
-            key: 'id' 
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     permissionId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false, 
-        references: { 
-            model: 'forum_permission',
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     }
 }, {
     tableName: 'forum_forum_permission',
diff --git a/backend/models/match3/level.js b/backend/models/match3/level.js
index 2f478c7..dc57655 100644
--- a/backend/models/match3/level.js
+++ b/backend/models/match3/level.js
@@ -9,11 +9,7 @@ const Match3Level = sequelize.define('Match3Level', {
   },
   campaignId: {
     type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-    allowNull: false,
-    references: {
-      model: 'match3_campaigns',
-      key: 'id'
-    }
+    allowNull: false
   },
   name: {
     type: DataTypes.STRING(255),
diff --git a/backend/models/match3/levelTileType.js b/backend/models/match3/levelTileType.js
index 55535b2..b7da674 100644
--- a/backend/models/match3/levelTileType.js
+++ b/backend/models/match3/levelTileType.js
@@ -10,19 +10,11 @@ const Match3LevelTileType = sequelize.define('Match3LevelTileType', {
   levelId: {
     type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
     allowNull: false,
-    references: {
-      model: 'match3_levels',
-      key: 'id'
-    },
     comment: 'Referenz auf den Level'
   },
   tileTypeId: {
     type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
     allowNull: false,
-    references: {
-      model: 'match3_tile_types',
-      key: 'id'
-    },
     comment: 'Referenz auf den Tile-Typ'
   },
   weight: {
diff --git a/backend/models/minigames/taxiHighscore.js b/backend/models/minigames/taxiHighscore.js
index 1f01a28..9c27f13 100644
--- a/backend/models/minigames/taxiHighscore.js
+++ b/backend/models/minigames/taxiHighscore.js
@@ -9,14 +9,7 @@ const TaxiHighscore = sequelize.define('TaxiHighscore', {
     },
     userId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-      allowNull: true, // Kann null sein, falls User gelöscht wird
-      references: {
-        model: {
-          tableName: 'user',
-          schema: 'community'
-        },
-        key: 'id'
-      }
+      allowNull: true // Kann null sein, falls User gelöscht wird
     },
     nickname: {
       type: DataTypes.STRING(100),
@@ -44,13 +37,6 @@ const TaxiHighscore = sequelize.define('TaxiHighscore', {
     mapId: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       allowNull: true,
-      references: {
-        model: {
-          tableName: 'taxi_map',
-          schema: 'taxi'
-        },
-        key: 'id'
-      },
       comment: 'ID der gespielten Map'
     },
     mapName: {
diff --git a/backend/models/type/interest_translation.js b/backend/models/type/interest_translation.js
index 0677209..24647c7 100644
--- a/backend/models/type/interest_translation.js
+++ b/backend/models/type/interest_translation.js
@@ -13,13 +13,7 @@ const interestTranslation = sequelize.define('interest_translation_type', {
     },
     interestsId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: Interest,
-            key: 'id'
-        },
-        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
-        onDelete: 'CASCADE'
+        allowNull: false
     }}, {
     tableName: 'interest_translation', 
     schema: 'type',
diff --git a/backend/models/type/user_param.js b/backend/models/type/user_param.js
index 10d33c5..8240585 100644
--- a/backend/models/type/user_param.js
+++ b/backend/models/type/user_param.js
@@ -21,11 +21,7 @@ const UserParamType = sequelize.define('user_param_type', {
     },
     settingsId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
-        allowNull: false,
-        references: {
-            model: 'settings',
-            key: 'id'
-        }
+        allowNull: false
     },
     orderId: {
         type: DataTypes.INTEGER,