diff --git a/backend/services/vocabService.js b/backend/services/vocabService.js
index aeaa90d..36f5c24 100644
--- a/backend/services/vocabService.js
+++ b/backend/services/vocabService.js
@@ -321,6 +321,32 @@ export default class VocabService {
     return n ? n.target : '';
   }
 
+  _enrichCorePatternsWithGloss(corePatterns = [], extractedVocabs = []) {
+    const glossByReference = new Map();
+
+    extractedVocabs.forEach((item) => {
+      const reference = this._normalizeLexeme(item?.reference);
+      const learning = String(item?.learning || '').trim();
+      if (!reference || !learning) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!glossByReference.has(reference)) {
+        glossByReference.set(reference, learning);
+      }
+    });
+
+    return corePatterns
+      .map((entry) => this._normalizeCorePatternEntry(entry))
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      .map((entry) => {
+        if (entry.gloss) {
+          return entry;
+        }
+        const gloss = glossByReference.get(this._normalizeLexeme(entry.target)) || '';
+        return gloss ? { ...entry, gloss } : entry;
+      });
+  }
+
   _normalizeStructuredList(value, keys = ['title', 'text']) {
     if (!value) return [];
     if (Array.isArray(value)) {
@@ -533,7 +559,11 @@ export default class VocabService {
     const uniquePatterns = [...new Set(patterns.map((item) => String(item || '').trim()).filter(Boolean))];
 
     const learningGoals = this._normalizeStringList(plainLesson.learningGoals);
-    const corePatterns = this._normalizeCorePatternList(plainLesson.corePatterns);
+    const extractedTrainerVocabs = this._extractTrainerVocabsFromExercises(grammarExercises);
+    const corePatterns = this._enrichCorePatternsWithGloss(
+      this._normalizeCorePatternList(plainLesson.corePatterns),
+      extractedTrainerVocabs
+    );
     const grammarFocus = this._normalizeStructuredList(plainLesson.grammarFocus, ['title', 'text', 'example']);
     const explicitSpeakingPrompts = this._normalizeStructuredList(plainLesson.speakingPrompts, ['title', 'prompt', 'cue']);
     const practicalTasks = this._normalizeStructuredList(plainLesson.practicalTasks, ['title', 'text']);
@@ -548,7 +578,10 @@ export default class VocabService {
           ],
       corePatterns: corePatterns.length > 0
         ? corePatterns
-        : uniquePatterns.slice(0, 5).map((s) => ({ target: String(s || '').trim(), gloss: '' })).filter((p) => p.target),
+        : this._enrichCorePatternsWithGloss(
+            uniquePatterns.slice(0, 5).map((s) => ({ target: String(s || '').trim(), gloss: '' })).filter((p) => p.target),
+            extractedTrainerVocabs
+          ),
       grammarFocus: grammarFocus.length > 0 ? grammarFocus : uniqueGrammarExplanations.slice(0, 4),
       speakingPrompts: explicitSpeakingPrompts.length > 0 ? explicitSpeakingPrompts : speakingPrompts.slice(0, 4),
       practicalTasks: practicalTasks.length > 0
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/social/VocabLessonView.vue b/frontend/src/views/social/VocabLessonView.vue
index f96084f..51c710f 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/social/VocabLessonView.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/social/VocabLessonView.vue
@@ -948,7 +948,18 @@ export default {
     },
     prepItems() {
       if (this.normalizedCorePatterns.length > 0) {
-        return this.normalizedCorePatterns;
+        const glossByReference = new Map(
+          (this.importantVocab || [])
+            .map((item) => [String(item?.reference || '').trim().toLowerCase(), String(item?.learning || '').trim()])
+            .filter(([reference, learning]) => reference && learning)
+        );
+        return this.normalizedCorePatterns.map((item) => {
+          if (item.gloss) {
+            return item;
+          }
+          const gloss = glossByReference.get(String(item.target || '').trim().toLowerCase()) || '';
+          return gloss ? { ...item, gloss } : item;
+        });
       }
       return (this.importantVocab || [])
         .map((item) => ({